We experimentally demonstrate the reconstruction of samples with varying amounts of multiple-scattering: a 3T3 fibroblast cell, a cluster of C. The method acquires intensity-only measurements from different illumination angles and then solves a nonlinear optimization problem to recover the sample’s 3D RI distribution. Here, we implement a new 3D RI microscopy technique that utilizes a computational multi-slice beam propagation method to invert the optical scattering process and reconstruct high-resolution ( NA > 1.0) 3D RI distributions of multiple-scattering samples. Furthermore, their reconstruction framework is typically limited to weakly scattering samples, and thus excludes a whole class of multiple-scattering samples.

However, standard implementations of ODT use interferometric systems, and so are sensitive to phase instabilities, complex mechanical design, and coherent noise.

Optical diffraction tomography (ODT) reconstructs a sample’s volumetric refractive index (RI) to create high-contrast, quantitative 3D visualizations of biological samples.

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S and r images